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The Quasi-Riemann Hypothesis (alternate 11/12 proof)
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Abstract
We establish the quasi-Riemann hypothesis by proving that every Dirichlet L-function, including Riemann's zeta function, has no zeros in the half-plane $\mathop{\mathrm{Re}}\nolimits s\gt 11/12$. More generally, we prove the same zero-free half-plane for every finite-order Hecke L-function over $K=\mathbb Q(\sqrt{-3})$. In particular, this rules out the existence of Landau–Siegel zeros.
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work in progress
Collected automatically by AI tools (Claude Opus 5.5 and GPT-6 Astra, 2026-10-23) and not checked by a person. May be wrong or incomplete. Report an error.
Follow-up works
- Dean Cureton, Jesse Thorner, A quasi-Riemann hypothesis for Dedekind zeta functions (hexagon:2610.00200, v1 2026-10-12, v2 2026-10-14). Proves ζ_K(s) ≠ 0 for Re s > 31/32 for every number field K, citing this paper as the shorter proof of the 11/12 region; proofs and Lean formalization attributed to AxiomProver.
- Michael Rubinstein, Mateo Restrepo Borrero, A zero-free strip for the L-functions of the elliptic curves y²=x³+d (hexagon:2610.00220, 2026-10-13). Part I adapts this paper's 11/12 argument to prove L(E_d,s) ≠ 0 for Re s > 17/12 (arithmetic normalization); its provenance states the complete proof has not been independently checked by a human. [AI-generated per source]
- Christopher Frei, Efthymios Sofos and Martin Widmer, Some applications of the quasi-Riemann hypothesis to class groups and small generators of number fields (arXiv:2610.18491v2, 2026-10-14). Uses the OpenAI and Cureton–Thorner results to derive bounds for class-group torsion, least splitting primes and small generators. [family-level]
- Shubhrajit Bhattacharya, Unconditional implications of the Quasi-Riemann Hypothesis (hexagon:2610.00178, 2026-10-11). Collects RH/GRH-conditional results that need only a fixed zero-free half-plane, citing this paper as a companion proof of the 11/12 boundary; states no human scrutiny was performed. [AI-generated per source]
Comments and discussion
- Maksym Radziwiłł, Jared Duker Lichtman, Alexander Dunn, Peter Sarnak, Will Sawin, quoted in Quanta Magazine (2026-10-19). Radziwiłł: "The reason why people look mostly at the 11/12 result is that it's shorter"; the article reports privately circulating 7–13 page human write-ups of this proof and Sarnak repurposing a course to study it.
- Persiflage, A Brief Digest of Some New OpenAI Results, galoisrepresentations.org (2026-10-08). Item 5 discusses the quasi-RH for Dirichlet L-functions as "a very strong intermediate result" and its limits for Dedekind-zeta applications.
- Terence Tao, A sketch of the proof of non-existence of Siegel zeroes (2026-10-19). Links this paper and remarks that the QRH arguments use identities relating the Möbius function to automorphic Fourier coefficients (an "automorphic miracle") and are still being digested. [family-level]
- Terence Tao, comment on his tenth-discriminant AI challenge post (2026-10-20). Uses the 11/12 half-plane with the Selberg–Chowla formula to bound a hypothetical tenth class-number-one discriminant by d < 1475; LemmaLab's comment reports an uncertified d ≤ 1151 from the 11/12 input.
- John Carlos Baez (@johncarlosbaez.bsky.social), post on Bluesky (2026-10-20). Opens a thread explaining the zero-free strip and the resulting bound on |π(n) − li(n)| for p > 11/12, saying "a lot of number theorists are checking the second one and it seems to be correct!" [family-level]
- Abhishek Saha (@ObhishekSaha), post on X (2026-10-14). Describes follow-up developments to the quasi-RH proof, starting with the Cureton–Thorner Hexagon preprint of October 12 that builds on OpenAI's proof. [family-level]
- Ricardo Pérez-Marco (@rperezmarco), post on X (2026-10-23). Says he checked, with ChatGPT's help, that the Lean formalization of the 11/12 quasi-Riemann paper has the same problem as the case discussed in the thread he replies to.
Formalization
- OpenAI, The quasi-Riemann hypothesis: Lean scope note (openai/math release, 2026-10). Formalizes the stronger 7/8 statement of the companion paper and the logarithmic real-zero gap; this 11/12 paper is not listed among the note's accompanying papers. [family-level]
- Axiom Math, Dean Cureton and Jesse Thorner, Dedekind Zeta Zero-Free Region (GitHub, accessed 2026-10-21). AxiomProver-generated Lean development for the $31/32$ half-plane over arbitrary number fields and finite-order Hecke characters, using analytic-number-theory code adapted from the OpenAI release. [AI-generated per source] [family-level]
Related prior literature mentioned by others
- Alexander Dunn and Maksym Radziwiłł, Bias in cubic Gauss sums: Patterson's conjecture (Annals of Mathematics 200, 2024; arXiv:2109.07463v3). Cited in Rubinstein and Restrepo Borrero's follow-up, this work develops cubic-Gauss-sum transformations that also enter the quasi-Riemann arguments. [family-level]
Possibly relevant literature (found by the agent, not checked)
- Keith Billington, Maddie Cheng, Jordan Schettler, Ade Irma Suriajaya, The average number of Goldbach representations and zero-free regions of the Riemann zeta-function (arXiv:2306.09102, IJNT 2025). Ties the error term in Fujii's average Goldbach formula to general zero-free regions of ζ, relevant to the fixed half-plane of Theorem 1; cited by the 7/8 companion for the term "quasi-Riemann hypothesis" but not here.
- Yitang Zhang, Discrete mean estimates and the Landau-Siegel zero (arXiv:2211.02515, 2022). Earlier claimed effective bound L(1,χ) ≫ (log D)^(−2022), relevant to the abstract's statement that Theorem 1 rules out Landau–Siegel zeros.
News and blogs
- Konstantin Kakaes, AI Proved the Quasi-Riemann Hypothesis. What Happens Now?, Quanta Magazine (2026-10-19). Reports that this 49-page paper is the only one of the release edited by a person, is not yet formally verified, and is the version experts are studying.
Elsewhere
- Hexagon: A quasi-Riemann hypothesis for Dedekind zeta functions (human and AI; human understanding: some)
- Hexagon: A zero-free strip for the $L$-functions of the elliptic curves $y^2=x^3+d$ (AI-generated; human understanding: some)
- whataifound: Registry entry
- Emergent Mind: family 003
Independent sites; their content is not reviewed here.
Cite
@misc{OAI:The-Quasi-Riemann-Hypothesis-October-5-2026,
author = {{OpenAI}},
title = {{The Quasi-Riemann Hypothesis}},
howpublished = {OpenAI Math Release preprint
\href{https://github.com/openai/math/blob/main/preprints/The-Quasi-Riemann-Hypothesis-October-5-2026/paper2.pdf}{OAI:The-Quasi-Riemann-Hypothesis-October-5-2026}},
year = {2026}
}Lean formalization
OpenAI provides Lean files for this family: lean/docs/003.md. The Lean statements have not been checked by people against the paper's claims.
Family 003: The quasi-Riemann hypothesis
Proves that every Dirichlet L-function, including $\zeta(s)$, is zero-free in $\Re s\gt 7/8$, resolving the quasi-Riemann hypothesis. The same half-plane is zero-free for every finite-order Hecke L-function over $\mathbb Q(\sqrt{-3})$. A companion gives a different proof of the zero-free half-plane $\Re s\gt 11/12$.
Other papers in this family:
- The Quasi-Riemann Hypothesis: A Zero-Free Half-Plane $\Re s\gt 7/8$ · September 30, 2026
- Uniform exclusion of Landau–Siegel zeros · October 19, 2026 Community-revisedNotes