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Eventual categoricity for abstract elementary classes

OpenAI · September 24, 2026

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Abstract

We prove Shelah's eventual categoricity conjecture for abstract elementary classes in ZFC. For each infinite bound on the Löwenheim–Skolem number there is a uniform threshold such that categoricity in any one cardinal at or above that threshold implies categoricity in every cardinal at or above the same threshold.

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Cite

@misc{OAI:Eventual-Categoricity-for-Abstract-Elementary-Classes-September-24-2026,
  author = {{OpenAI}},
  title = {{Eventual categoricity for abstract elementary classes}},
  howpublished = {OpenAI Math Release preprint
                  \href{https://github.com/openai/math/blob/main/preprints/Eventual-Categoricity-for-Abstract-Elementary-Classes-September-24-2026/paper.pdf}{OAI:Eventual-Categoricity-for-Abstract-Elementary-Classes-September-24-2026}},
  year = {2026}
}

Lean formalization

OpenAI provides Lean files for this family: lean/docs/240.md. The Lean statements have not been checked by people against the paper's claims.

Family 240: Shelah's eventual categoricity and the prescribed-threshold obstruction

Proves Shelah's eventual categoricity conjecture in ZFC: for each bound on the Löwenheim–Skolem number, a uniform threshold makes categoricity of an abstract elementary class in one cardinal above that threshold imply categoricity throughout the same tail. Categoricity means uniqueness up to isomorphism at a given cardinality. Under the continuum hypothesis, a proposed specific Hanf threshold need not suffice.

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