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A Pivotal Amplitude for Voronoi Percolation from Cardy's Formula

OpenAI · October 5, 2026

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Abstract

Taking Cardy's conformal crossing formula for critical planar Poisson–Voronoi percolation in every bounded Jordan quadrilateral as an input, we prove that the expected number of color-pivotal cells for a unit-square crossing is asymptotic to a positive constant times $\varepsilon ^{-3/4}$, where the point intensity is $\varepsilon ^{-2}$. No rate of convergence in Cardy's formula is required.

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Cite

@misc{OAI:A-Pivotal-Amplitude-for-Voronoi-Percolation-from-Cardys-Formula-October-5-2026,
  author = {{OpenAI}},
  title = {{A Pivotal Amplitude for Voronoi Percolation from Cardy's Formula}},
  howpublished = {OpenAI Math Release preprint
                  \href{https://github.com/openai/math/blob/main/preprints/A-Pivotal-Amplitude-for-Voronoi-Percolation-from-Cardys-Formula-October-5-2026/voronoi-pivotal-amplitude.pdf}{OAI:A-Pivotal-Amplitude-for-Voronoi-Percolation-from-Cardys-Formula-October-5-2026}},
  year = {2026}
}

Family 224: Critical and quenched near-critical universality for Poisson–Voronoi percolation

Proves Cardy's formula for annealed critical Poisson–Voronoi crossing probabilities in every bounded Jordan quadrilateral. With each model normalized by its own expected unit-square pivotal count, the conditional joint near-critical crossing-threshold laws for rational polygonal quads converge in environment probability to the triangular-lattice reference law. This establishes quenched near-critical universality for crossing thresholds.

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